A generalized modified Bessel function and explicit transformations of certain Lambert series

Abstract: An exact transformation, which we call a master identity, is obtained for the series $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sigma_{a}(n)e^{-ny}$ for $a\in\mathbb{C}$ and Re$(y)>0$. As corollaries when $a$ is an odd integer, we derive the well-known transformations of the Eisenstein series on $\textup{SL}_{2}\left(\mathbb{Z}\right)$, that of the Dedekind eta function as well as Ramanujan's famous formula for $\zeta(2m+1)$. Corresponding new transformations when $a$ is a non-zero even integer are also obtained as special cases of the master identity. These include a novel companion to Ramanujan's formula for $\zeta(2m+1)$. Although not modular, it is surprising that such explicit transformations exist. The Wigert-Bellman identity arising from the $a=0$ case of the master identity is derived too. The latter identity itself is derived using Guinand's version of the Vorono\"{\i} summation formula and an integral evaluation of N. S. Koshliakov involving a generalization of the modified Bessel function $K_{\nu}(z)$. Koshliakov's integral evaluation is proved for the first time. It is then generalized using a well-known kernel of Watson to obtain an interesting two-variable generalization of the modified Bessel function. This generalization allows us to obtain a new transformation involving the sums-of-squares function $r_k(n)$. This is joint work with Atul Dixit and Aashita Kesarwani.

classical analysis and ODEscombinatoricsnumber theory

Audience: researchers in the topic

Special Functions and Number Theory seminar

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